The paper opens with the presentation of the Horizon2020 SwafS project “Communities for Sciences (C4S) - Towards promoting an inclusive approach in Science Education”, lasting three years (2020-2023), in which the University of Milano-Bicocca participated as a partner. The project, led by the Fundació Universitaria del Bages, in Manresa (Spain), involved 10 other partners and was based on a broad and articulated ecosystem of local HUBs and Community Living Labs. The research methodology was based on a multiple case study, with the use of multiple research tools, including the Observational Report, an observational grid through which the science education laboratories that took place in the pilot phase of the project (second year) were analysed. The results of the pilot intervention carried out in the Monte San Michele Kindergarten in Sesto San Giovanni are then presented, which provide an initial answer to the question concerning the variables that facilitate or hinder inclusion in science education activities with children aged 3 to 6. The factors that seem to be affected by the analysis are three: the use of materials, the space and arrangement of the materials themselves, and above all the role and pedagogical function of the teacher.
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